cos名画心得体会和方法 名画Cosplay活动参考范例(9篇)

当在某些事情上我们有很深的体会时，就很有必要写一篇心得体会，通过写心得体会，可以帮助我们总结积累经验。好的心得体会对于我们的帮助很大，所以我们要好好写一篇心得体会以下是小编帮大家整理的心得体会范文，欢迎大家借鉴与参考，希望对大家有所帮助。

有关cos名画心得体会和方法一

大明湖历史悠久，见诸文字已有一千四百多年。早在北魏年间，著名地理学家郦道元水经注.济水注记载：“泺水北流为大明湖，西即大明寺。寺东北两面则湖。”其位置在今五龙潭一带。另有史料记载，那时的大明湖称历下波或历水波，南至濯缨湖，北至鹊山和华不注山，也就是说现在的大明湖、五龙潭和北园是相连的一个大湖，湖阔数十里，平吞济泺。六朝时，因湖内多生莲荷，曾名“莲子湖”;唐时又名“历水波”，宋代称“西湖”。宋时著名文学家曾巩曾有诗道：“问吾何处避炎蒸，十顷西湖照眼明”。可知当时此处已是消暑游憩之地。北宋熙宁五年(公元1072年)，曾巩任齐州(今济南)知州时，为防御水患，修建了北水门，引湖水入小清河，使得湖水经年水位恒定，并在沿湖修建了亭、台、堤、桥，使之渐成游览景观。至金代，诗人元好问在济南行记中始称大明湖。明代重修城墙，大明湖遂初成今日形貌。

蛇不见，蛙不鸣;淫雨不涨，久旱不涸是大明湖两大独特之处。

大明湖自然景色秀美，名胜古迹争辉。沿湖垂柳环绕，曲径虹桥，花木拂疏，成片的草坪碧绿如茵，莲花怒放，时有鱼儿跳波，偶见鸢鸟掠水。画舫穿行，小舟荡波，快艇疾驰，游客云集，欢声笑语，俨若北国江南。绿荫之间，曲廊秀亭、桥台楼阁时隐时现，似仙境一般。

海右古亭--历下亭位于明湖水面诸岛中最大的岛子上，年代久远，几多变迁。它挺拔端庄，古朴典雅，红柱青瓦，八角垂檐，亭内嵌有杜甫绝句：海右此亭古，济南名士多。

园中之园--铁翁祠建于清乾隆五十七年(1792)，园内杨柳垂荫，藤萝攀缘，院外南临一湖碧水，北枕幽密松林，环境清幽旷远，建筑古朴典雅，其中小沧浪亭更是独具秀色。著名对联：“四面荷花三面柳，一城山色半城湖”就镶嵌在这里。

道教庙宇--北极阁高耸于七米台基之上，建于元至元十七年(公元1280年)，庙中供奉道教中的真武大帝等二十三尊神像，并绘有真武大帝传奇故事和乐伎献寿图等壁画。

济南第一标准庭院--遐园建于清宣统元年(公元1920xx年)，其布局设计均仿照浙江宁波著名藏书楼“天一阁”的格式，四周曲廊相连。园内假山突兀，山石奇异。西北角长廊壁上嵌有岳飞手书的诸葛亮前后出师表石刻。

还有稼轩词、南丰祠、汇波楼、秋柳园等二十多处名胜景点周匝公园各处，令人应接不暇，可谓步移景换，游乐无穷。济南八景中的鹊华烟雨、汇波晚照、佛山倒影、明湖秋月，均可在湖上观赏。明湖胜景，古往今来，赢得了无数文人墨客的咏赞篇章。“冬冷冰天，夏挹荷浪，秋容芦雪，春色扬烟;鼓枻其中，如游香国”，“鸥鹭点乎清波，箫鼓助其远韵，固江北之独胜也。”晚清大文学家刘鹗对“佛山倒影”的描写，更是引人入胜：“到了铁公祠前，朝南一望，只见对面千佛山上，梵宇僧楼，与那苍松翠柏，高下相间，红的火红，白的雪白，青的靛青，绿的碧绿，更有那一株半株的丹枫夹在里面，仿佛宋人赵千里的一幅大画，做了一架数里长的屏风。正在叹赏不绝，忽听一声渔唱。低头看去，谁知那明湖业已澄净的同镜子一般。那千佛山的倒影映在湖里，显得明明白白。那楼台树木格外光彩，觉得比上头的一个行佛山还要好看，还要清楚。”大明湖便随着这佳句文章广为流传，闻名遐迩。加之解放后的多次修缮扩建，疏浚清淤，姿容更加秀丽，成为济南著名风景游览区之一，吸引了大量海内外游客，每年客流量约在二百万人次左右，位居济南众公园之首。据有关资料统计，解放以来，党和国家领导人毛泽东、周恩来、朱德、万里、徐特立、郭沫若、李鹏等先后泛舟湖上，对大明湖的建设和发展提出了很好的建议。

为了满足不同层次的游人的要求，自八十年代开始，公园在湖西岸建成了总面积约9200平方米的游乐场。场内设有海盗船、disco健身车、电子游戏、五爪章鱼、摩天轮、碰碰车、直升飞机、电瓶车、天使转椅、蹦蹦床等各种游乐设施，惊险刺激，新颖有趣，既满足成年人的需求，又令孩子们开心。

大明湖不仅是游览观光的极好场所，湖北岸还有数处茶社和明湖楼、荷香村两处饭店，供游客休息就餐。明湖楼建于1983年，是一座“外古内今”的中国传统式仿古建筑，楼高二层，总面积约2735平方米。明湖楼的饭菜讲究色、香、味、型和营养，以鲁菜系中济南菜的“历下风味”为主，尤擅长鱼的烹制，制做的全鱼宴令人叫绝。荷香村饭店位于铁公祠院内，为一古典式二层楼建筑。该店除烹制鲁菜系中的“历下风味”菜肴外，还擅长锅贴制作。其配料和加工技术均引进济南锅贴老店便宜坊，所制锅贴令游客一饱口福。

近年来，随着改革的深入发展和旅游业竞争的日趋激烈，大明湖公园的领导者们团结务实，开拓进取，利用自身优势，举办多种活动，提高知名度，增强竞争力和吸引力，并逐步形成传统。

荷花展是公园一年一度的大型活动。自86年开始，已举办九届了，其中有两届是全国规模的。荷花是我国传统的十大名花之一，也是我市的市花，举办荷花展览，旨在宣传市花，突出荷花的君子品质。荷展一般在7、8月份举办，此时荷花长势最旺，花繁叶茂，最宜观赏，是赏荷纳凉的好去处。

龙舟赛也是公园大型的活动。大明湖水域辽阔，条件得天独厚，自93年开始，已成功举办了三届。参赛单位均来自我市各大企业，规模逐步增大，是一项群众性的文化娱乐活动，对于促进全民健身和增强企业向心力、凝聚力具有积极的作用。

民族风情艺术节是最火爆、最热烈的活动。大明湖是历史的湖、人民的湖，在此举办民族风情艺术节，可谓珠联壁合。今年4、5月份，我们与北京海淀区文化局联合邀请了全国9个省市自治区40个少数民族200余名演员来公园表演了各具特色的民族风情，轰动了整个泉城，这样的活动要形成传统，一年一度地搞下去。

迎春花展、兰花展及盆景展，在我园也是传统的活动。公园有全省最大规模的兰花基地天香园，有一支技术比较过硬的花卉队，他们日日辛苦劳作，将美和温馨奉献给游客。

有关cos名画心得体会和方法二

welcome to turpan. when talking about turpan, people can't help thinking ofwang luobin, the "king of western singing". his "turpan grapes are ripe, andanaerhan's heart is drunk". the beautiful lyrics and moving melody bring us intoa picturesque realm. now let's go into turpan and feel its magic charm together!turpan's geographical characteristics → climate characteristics "the hottest,the lowest, the driest and the sweetest" are people's image description ofturpan, which also accurately summarizes turpan's geographical and climaticcharacteristics. tourists, let's first introduce the geographical location andtopographic features of turpan. turpan is located in the central part ofxinjiang uygur autonomous region, bordering hami in the east, bayinguoleng inthe west and south, 183 km from urumqi in the northwest and changji in thenorth. it is about 300 kilometers long from east to west and 240 kilometers widefrom north to south, covering an area of 64000 square kilometers, accounting for4.2% of the total area of xinjiang. the terrain is characterized by twomountains and one basin, bogda mountain and kuluktag mountain are in the northand south, and turpan basin is in the middle. there are two counties and onecity under its jurisdiction, namely dushan county, toksun county and turpancity. the total population is about 520000. the main ethnic groups are uygur,han, hui, kazak, manchu, russian and so on.

turpan basin is an olive shaped intermountain basin in the east of tianshanmountains. it is surrounded by mountains, high in the north and low in thesouth, wide in the west and narrow in the east. due to the himalayan orogenyabout 30 million years ago, a variety of geological structures and landformshave been formed. in the north there is bogda peak, which is covered with snowall the year round at an altitude of 5445 meters. in the middle there is flamingmountain, which stretches 100 kilometers from east to west. in the flamingmountain, there is a famous grape valley 7 kilometers long. the most peculiar isaiding lake, which is 154 meters below sea level. it is the lowest basin inchina and the second dead sea of jordan, which is 391 meters below sea level thesecond lowest land in the world. turpan basin integrates snow mountains, rivervalleys, sand dunes and lakes, just like a giant landscape painting, which makespeople stop and linger.

because of its unique geographical environment, turpan has become the placewith the highest temperature in summer in china. from june to august every year,the average temperature here ranges from 35 ℃ to 37 ℃, the extreme maximumtemperature reaches 49.6 ℃, and the surface temperature exceeds 70 ℃. therefore,people describe it as "a place where eggs can be baked in sand nest and bigcakes can be baked on stone slab". when our cars travel through the village, wecan also see such a novel phenomenon, that is, every family's bed is placedoutside the house, which is how the local residents spend the hot ore, it is appropriate for people to call turpan "huozhou" since ancienttimes. however, although the absolute temperature here is very high, thetemperature difference between day and night is large. in addition, there areoften strong winds in the basin. even if it is extremely hot during the day,once the sun sets and night falls, the temperature will gradually cool ally in spring and autumn, the temperature difference is more obvious,

just like two seasons, "wearing fur coat in the morning and yarn in theafternoon" is a true portrayal of the climate characteristics of turpanbasin.

turpan is dry and rainless. almost 10 months of the year, there is no rainor snow. the average annual precipitation is 16.6 mm, but the evaporation is ashigh as 3000 mm. the precipitation season is mainly in summer. the climate ofturpan basin is often described as "dry without rain" because of small rainfall,coarse raindrop and short precipitation time. as a part of precipitation,snowfall is rare in turpan basin. the average snowfall in winter is less than2mm. however, the year-round snow on bogda mountain provides endless water forthe basin. by digging the kaner well, the local people lead the melting waterfrom the snow mountain to the ground through the underground flow, irrigate thefertile land, and breed a vibrant desert oasis.

the closed basin, thin cloud cover, strong solar radiation and extremelyhigh temperature form abundant heat resources. in turpan basin, where the sky ishigh and the clouds are light, the annual sunshine hours are more than 3000hours. abundant heat resources provide an ideal environment for the growth ofthermophilic crops such as melons, fruits and cotton. for example, turpan grape,which is famous at home and abroad, has a history of more than 20__ years andhas more than 300 varieties. after testing, the sugar content of turpan grape isas high as 22% - 26%, which is higher than that of california grape (20%) withthe highest sugar content. turpan grape is the sweetest grape in the ts, after introducing the geography of turpan, let's review itshistory

turpan, known as gaochang, xizhou and huozhou in ancient times, became thepolitical, economic and cultural center of the western regions more than 20__years ago in the western han dynasty, and was a famous town on the ancient silkroad. the former state of cheshi, built by local cheshi people, once dominatedhere for a while. in the jin dynasty, it was the location of the capital of thewestern regions, where the "gaochang county" was established. after the fall ofgaochang kingdom, the tang dynasty set up "xizhou" here. in song dynasty, theuighur people moved westward and established the kingdom of gaochang. in yuanand ming dynasties, "huozhou" and "hezhou" were established. zhili hall ofturpan was set up in qing dynasty. turpan county was set up in 1913. in 1985,the county was removed and turpan city was established. turpan was also one ofthe earliest regions in xinjiang to open to the outside world. since the han andtang dynasties, foreign exchanges have been very frequent. businessmen, monksand envoys from the central plains to india, persia and the mediterranean coasthave come in an endless stream, leaving turpan with many beautiful ts, coming to turpan, seem to have read a thick historical picture. thereare the ancient cities of jiaohe and gaochang, which are full of thevicissitudes of war, the exquisite and gorgeous frescoes of bazkrik dry buddhacave, the ancient tombs of astana, which is known as the underground museum, andthe sugong pagoda, which is an ancient building with islamic style. they showpeople the historical features of different times. history has left turpan notonly ruins, but also a long culture. the folk customs here are rich andcolorful, and the people here are enthusiastic and good at singing and at night in turpan hotel grape rack, while tasting fruits, while enjoying"wheat"

the "seraph" party will definitely make you feel relaxed and ts, this is the general situation of turpan. maybe some tourists have tosay that after talking for a long time, i haven't expressed the chinese meaningof "turpan". yes, turpan is a turkic language, which means "rich and fertileplace". after listening to the translation of the name and comparing with theprevious introduction, do you have the same feeling? i hope turpan, a beautifuland rich place, can add more fun to your travel.

2 tour guide to the thousand buddha cave in bozikrik the specialgeographical location of the silk road makes xinjiang an important channel forcultural exchanges between the east and the west. therefore, religious art inxinjiang is very prosperous, and all major religions have a place here. inaddition to islam, nestorianism and manichaeism, buddhism has the mostfar-reaching influence. caves and stone carvings all over xinjiang fully provethis. today we are going to visit is located in the middle of the flame mountaingorge in the baizikrik thousand buddha cave. origin of the name → historicalstatus → general situation of the caves

bozikrik thousand buddha cave, known as "ningrong grottoes" in tangdynasty, is located in mutougou gorge of huoyan mountain, about 60 km northeastof turpan city, only 15 km south of the old city of gaochang. it is one of thelarger and famous buddhist grottoes in xinjiang. bozikrik means "hillside" inuighur and "decorative painting" in turkic.

bozikrik thousand buddha cave was first excavated in the late northern andsouthern dynasties, namely the qushi gaochang state (ad

during the seven centuries of tang, five dynasties, song and yuandynasties, it was one of the buddhist centers in the western regions. gaochanguighur period (9th-13th century a.d.) is the most prosperous period of thegrottoes. therefore, the thousand buddha cave in bozikrik is considered as "themost important, the most abundant, the most complete and the most representativeart treasure house in uighur buddhist art". tourists, now we come to thethousand buddha cave scenic area. there are 83 caves and 77 existing numberedcaves. among them, there are more than 40 caves with residual murals. the totalarea of murals is 1200 square meters. it is the largest number of caves and themost abundant murals in turpan. there are various forms of grottoes, such ashorizontal top straight cave, central pillar cave, square double set cave anddome square cave, and some built temples and buddha platform in the middle ofthe grottoes.

[mural content → jiyue painting in cave 16 → hell change in cave 17 → greatlotus in cave 18 - uighur king in gaochang in cave 20 → manichaeism in cave 38 →small commemorative shadow cave in cave 82 → 83]

walking down the steps at the entrance, we can see more than a dozen cavesopen to tourists. the light in the caves is not very strong, and the mottledpictures on the inner wall of the arch can be seen faintly. each line isdepicted in detail. the ribbons of the characters are very dynamic, but many ofthe characters are incomplete, which is a pity.

the frescoes in the bozikrik grottoes mainly include the "buddha" with alarge-scale portrait of buddha as the center

the purpose of these paintings is to glorify the buddhist dharma forworshiping good men and women. from the 6th century to the 12th century, it hasalways been an important place for buddhism in gaochang kingdom. manyinscriptions in ancient huique script, chinese script and baltic script arestill preserved in the grottoes, which are valuable materials for studyingancient scripts. the architectural style and painting skills of the grottoes arealso of high research value. in 1982, the thousand buddha cave in bozikrik waslisted as a national key cultural relic protection unit.

tourists, let's first visit cave 16. cave 16 was excavated in the middletang dynasty. there is a picture of jiyue in the cave. in the picture,xiaohulei, an ancient musical instrument, appeared for the first time in chinesebuddhist caves. hulei, also known as the dragon head pipa, originated fromnanzhao music of tang dynasty. it is shaped like a pear with a stick, a dragonhead with two strings, a boa skin covering the abdomen, and a sandalwood authentic products are now stored in the palace museum of beijing. next,let's look at caves 17 and 18. these two caves are the earliest in the wholegrottoes group, which were excavated in the late northern and southern dynastiesfrom the 6th to 7th century. let's first take a look at the mural "hell changes"in cave 17, which is very similar to the painting of mani's teaching aidmansion, which is rare in china. there is a big lotus flower in the center ofthe top of cave 18, which is filled with geometric patterns such as triangle andfour leaves in the middle. it is elegant and solemn, with nationalcharacteristics.

next, let's visit cave 20. the murals in the grottoes show images of theuighur king and queen of gaochang. the uighur king of gaochang was wearing alotus petal shaped crown, a round collar wide sleeve robe, a middle belt, blackboots and other daily necessities. the queen is plump, wearing a crown and a redcoat with lapels and narrow sleeves. the color of the portrait is gorgeous, thelines are smooth and the drawing is exquisite. beside the portrait is theinscription of huique. this group of murals is highly artistic and is one of therepresentative works of the whole thousand buddha cave murals. unfortunately,the original mural is on display in the berlin museum in germany, and the colorphotos on display in the cave are based on the original. the frescoes in cave 38are different from those before. they are about ancient manichaeism. there arethree trees in the frescoes behind the grottoes, under which there are manyimages of monks and nuns dressed in white and feathered people with wings, whichshow respect for manichaeism. manichaeism is a religion founded by persian mani,also known as mingjiao, which worships the god of light. from the 9th century tothe 12th century, gaochang uighur kingdom was the center of manichaeism in theworld. manichaeism once became the state religion of gaochang uighur we come to cave 82 and 83, which is under ganfo cave and beside is a small commemorative shadow cave specially built for buddhist eminentmonks during the reign of emperor gaochang in the 10th and 11th centuries a.d. apottery relic box and a gold foil wrapping paper used by buddhists wereunearthed here. the ink mark on it indicates that the gold foil shop was locatedin the south of taihelou street in hangzhou in song dynasty. this gold foilwrapping paper proves that gaochang uighur kingdom had quite close economic andtrade contacts with the song dynasty from the 11th to the 12th century.

tourists, from the murals of the thousand buddha cave in bozikrik, we cansee xinjiang buddhism

the long history of culture makes us have a deeper understanding of thebroad and profound culture of xinjiang. the past of xinjiang is brilliant, andwe believe that the future of xinjiang will be more brilliant.

有关cos名画心得体会和方法三

1、vincent-征服

2、sincere(真心、

3、凡尔赛旳玫瑰▍rose

4、深巷-depths°

5、释怀°believeヾ

6、evildoer妖孽

7、秒杀feelゼ

8、dazzling[耀眼]？

9、？camouflage（伪装）

10、display（张扬）

11、schoolleave毕业生

12、meditation(冥想、

13、〆゛丶yoyo

14、wildboy

15、sensational煽情

16、cappuccino

17、colpe?

18、already°初晴

19、submit(顺从、

20、traces(浪迹、

21、miracle（奇迹）

22、iraqis（伊人）

23、capture（俘获、？

24、erosion°槿沁

25、换上英文名女网名，最美的你不是生如夏花，而是在时间的长河里，波澜不惊。

26、rangers（流浪者）

27、king金

28、maid(女仆、

29、suho银河i

30、proudqueen骄傲女王

31、cripple废人？

32、grievance（委屈）？

33、passionrot热情腐朽

34、hollow(空心、？

35、absurd[荒谬]

36、知足content

37、？cancerlove［情癌］

38、？blasphemy（亵渎）

39、离愁▍feastaw

40、corrupt(堕落、？

有关cos名画心得体会和方法四

it is located on the nanlang mountain between sham shui wan and wong chukhang on hong kong island, covering an area of 150 acres. the park is pidedinto low land and high land. the low land is called "huangzhukeng park", whichis the main entrance of ocean park. the high land is called "nanlang mountainpark", which is located in the south of nanlang mountain. there is an overheadcrane between the high land and the low land for tourists. as early as 1955, theplan for the construction of the park was put forward. at the beginning, thegovernment agreed to allocate 30 acres of land and the jockey club invested hk$78 million. later, the land was allocated to 150 acres and the investmentincreased to hk $150 million. at first, only a "marine aquarium" was planned tobe built. later, it was changed into an ocean park, which was officiallycompleted and opened on january 10, 1977.

there are three pavilions in nanlang mountain highland of ocean park,namely marine animal performance hall, haitao hall and ocean hall. the marineanimal show hall has a huge pool with a stand for more than 3500 spectators. theanimals performing here include specially trained sea lions, dolphins and killerwhales. their wonderful performances often arouse the audience's cheers andcheers. haitao pavilion is equipped with rock coast like rockery and pool. assoon as the electric wave machine starts, the waves roll and rise and fall up toone meter high. there is an underwater glass viewing room here. through theglass, you can watch all kinds of beauty of marine animals roaming in theunderwater. the aquarium is pided into two parts, the shallow lake and thedeep lake. there are more than 300 kinds of fish, 30000 of which live in thelake, including shark, devil fish, grouper and so on. there are three layers ofglass walls around the lake, outside which visitors can watch the activities ofunderwater fish.

an important symbol of ocean park is the aerial cable car (crane), with atotal length of 1.4 km. it connects the lowland at the foot of the mountain withthe highland of nanlang mountain. when walking at an altitude of 200 meters, thewhole journey can be completed in 6 minutes. visitors can overlook the sceneryof deep water bay, shallow water bay and lowland park at an altitude. there are250 cranes, each with six seats, which can carry 5000 passengers per hour. inrecent years, in order to attract more tourists, the park has continuously addednew facilities, including various video games, such as ferris wheel and rollercoaster, and opened up a large-scale water park.

key points of tour: to the ocean park, you can not but take the cable carto overlook the beautiful scenery of the mountains and the sea. otherattractions that can't be missed are: aquarium, ocean theater, haitao pavilion,shark pavilion, crazy roller coaster, mountaineering elevator, pacific coast,ocean skyscraper, super dynamic cinema, bird paradise, butterfly house, dinosaurtrail, children's kingdom, speed trip, adventure in ancient countries and hongkong jockey club giant panda park.

cable car and elevator: ocean park is pided into two parts: lowland andhighland. the two are connected by cable cars. there are 252 cable cars, whichcan carry 4000 people per hour. the whole journey of the cable car is 1.5km longand takes about 8 minutes to complete. from the cable car, visitors can enjoythe beautiful scenery of deep water bay and aberdeen. in addition to taking thecable car, another way to get to the highland is to take the second longestoutdoor covered escalator in the world from the entrance of dashu bay. this 225meter long climbing elevator can carry 4000 people up and down a 30 degree slopeevery hour. i believe that in addition to people who are afraid of heights,taking this elevator is definitely an exciting and interesting program.

ocean world: most of the exhibitions on marine life are in highlands. theocean museum is one of the most popular places for tourists. after a renovationcost of hk $65 million, the new aquarium takes the coral environment in theindian ocean and pacific ocean as its new theme. the aquarium is not only hometo more than 4000 fish belonging to 400 species, but also one of the largestsimilar facilities in the world. the aquarium can accommodate up to 600 visitorsat the same time. visitors can enjoy the beautiful posture of various fish fromdifferent angles through the glass in the four storey aquarium.

pacific coast: the newly established pacific coast of ocean park imitatesthe natural environment of california coast in the united states, breedingcalifornia sea lions and spotted seals, composing another "unique ocean worldjourney", bringing unprecedented interactive fun to tourists.

ocean theater: ocean theater is a good place for marine mammals to showtheir skills. there are 3500 seats in the theater, providing visitors withseveral wonderful, interesting and lovely dolphin and sea lion performancesevery day.

shark house: in highland, the shark house, which cost 40 million hong kongdollars to build, has raised nearly 70 sharks, with a total of about 35 species,including the fun looking "fat baby" brown shark. there is an 11.5-meter-longtransparent fiber viewing tunnel, in which tourists feel as if they are in thedeep sea, and the sharks are also within reach.

motorized games: crazy roller coaster is located on the highlands,extremely exciting and fun, but also the world's longest and fastest rollercoaster. in addition, other mobile games, such as flying swings, ferris wheeland flying eagle, are also very exciting, which can't be missed by tourists wholike excitement.

overlooking the scenery - ocean skyscraper: in addition to dynamic games,visitors who like to watch can go to the ocean skyscraper built with hk $30million and look around from the tower 72 meters above the ground. oceanskyscraper tower was built in highland in 1992. with air conditioning, it is thetallest observation tower in southeast asia. on the top floor of the skyscraper,visitors can view the charming scenery of aberdeen, peak, lantau island, lammaisland and cheung chau from 360 degrees.

bird paradise: located in dashu bay, bainiao house is one of the largestbird houses in the world. there are more than 20__ birds belonging to 200species flying in bainiaoju, and visitors can walk around in the forest scenerywithout separation. bainiaoju also has parrot garden, bird theater, red storkpool and artificial lake.

lvye garden: super dynamic cinema covers an area of 900 square meters, witha total of 100 seats. with the oil pressure seats, the picture on the 15 meterhigh screen swings up and down, and the lifelike image and high fax soundeffect, visitors will have unlimited exciting "super dynamic feeling" when theyare in it.

butterfly house: in the green garden of lowland. butterfly house is acocoon type glass greenhouse, in which the temperature and environment are mostsuitable for butterfly life. there are more than 25 species of butterflies inthe butterfly house, with a total number of more than thousands.

in the dinosaur trail, 17 dinosaur models were built. tourists can followthe footprints of dinosaurs, slowly step into the primitive era, and return tothe world of the jungle dinosaurs: to see the life of dinosaurs from hatching,growing up to adulthood. in the green garden, the ancient adventure will takeyou back to the ruins of the ancient rainforest. all the wild animals and plantswe met during the journey are real objects, large and lifelike, as well ashigh-altitude ping performance, which will make you refreshing.

children's kingdom: the "children's kingdom" with an area of 3.5 mu wasopened in the summer of 1993, providing a new and interesting thing for afamily, especially children. in the children's kingdom, there are sightseeingtrains, "sea lion happy station" performance of "happy little theater",remote-controlled cars and boats, technical games "happy game city", and"dolphin school" mode.

"journey at top speed" downer: the "journey at top speed" downer allowspassengers to slowly rise vertically, rise to the top of a 60 meter tower in 20to 25 seconds, then stay in the air for a few seconds, and then make a 40 milesteep descent to the ground. the whole descent is about 30 to 40 seconds, whichis extremely dangerous.

有关cos名画心得体会和方法五

游客朋友们：

大家好!欢迎你们到赵县来，光临举世闻名的赵州桥(导游员自我介绍)，很高兴能为大家作导游服务，并预祝各位旅途愉快!现在我们所处的地方是以赵州桥为中心而建的赵州桥公园。这诗园的大门正门口，门楣上这块“瞻奇仰异”横匾是清朝顺治年间赵州知事孔兴训所书，此匾题字已被《中华名匾》一书所收录。等大家参观完以后，是否也会产生同感，认同赵州桥确是一处伟大而奇异的景观呢?再看眼前的这块影壁正面上，选刻前我国当代已故著名桥梁专家茅以升先生的《中国石拱桥》的文章。茅老的这篇文章最早发表在1962年3月4日的《人民日报》上，原文较长，以下节录的这一段主要总结了赵州桥的情况。茅老在文章中说“我国的石拱桥几乎到处都有。这些桥大小不一，形式多样，有许多是惊人的杰作。其中最著名的当推河北省赵县的赵州桥”(该文选自作者后入载的初中语文课本第三册)。茅老以非常科学、准确的语言分析了赵州桥的几个特点，阐述了赵州桥的科学价值、历史价值、艺术价值以及它在世界桥梁建筑史上的突出贡献和重要地位。这些接下来还要为大家做详细讲解。

请大家随我一同来欣赏影壁背面的汉白玉浮雕群。赵州桥建于隋朝，距今已有一千四百年的悠久历史，是现存于世界上最古老的一座石拱桥典范。在这一千多年间里，就流传着许许多多关于赵州桥的各种神话传说故事。其中最具代表性的，就是下面所描述的这段动人故事：相传赵州桥是由鲁班爷在一个晚上造成的，真乃一夜成桥，惊动天下。就连仙境里的神仙也闻名而至，张果老身骑着小毛驴，柴王爷手推独轮车，他们要考验赵州桥的承载能力，走到了大桥中央，只见张果老手中拂尘一摆，接来日月星辰，柴王爷运用法术，拘来五岳名山。刹那间，只见毛驴奋力扬蹄，落地踏然有声;柴王爷猛力推车，车声隆隆。赵州桥在超常负荷下，被压得摇摇欲坠。就在这千钧一发之刻，只见鲁班纵身跃入桥下，单手向上一举，就稳稳地托住了大桥。神仙顺利过桥后，神仙顺利过桥后，赵州桥依旧安然无恙。而在桥面上从此也就清晰地留下了驴蹄子印、车辙印和膝盖印等几处仙迹，也因此而留下了河北民歌《小放牛》的一段千古绝唱：“赵州桥来鲁班爷修，玉石栏杆圣人留，张果老骑驴桥上走，柴五爷推车轧了一道沟。”这个美丽的传说故事表达了老百姓对赵州桥的赞颂和对建桥者的崇拜。桥面上这些仙迹至今历历在目，下面就请大家随我一路去找一找、看一看。

现在我们所走的这条路叫“八仙大道”，两旁矗立着的八仙塑像用青石雕刻，外表涂黑。一眼望去，不免觉得增加了几分神秘色彩。“八仙”的故事在我国流传很广，尤其是“八仙过海”一节，称得上家喻户晓，人人皆知。传说王母娘娘当年在瑶池设宴，款待八仙。众八仙开怀畅饮，喝得酩酊大醉。谢过王母后，来到东海之上，乘着酒兴，各自卖弄本事。只见铁拐李以铁拐投入水中，自立其上，逐浪而渡。接着，汉钟离以拂尘，张果老用纸驴，吕洞宾以洞箫，韩湘子用花蓝，何仙姑用竹罩，蓝采和用拍板，曹国舅用玉片分别投入水中乘风而渡。东海龙王之子见宝后起了贪心，抢了蓝采和的拍板，并将他掳入海中。另外七仙大怒，斩了龙王大太子，伤了龙王二太子。而后四海龙王齐来参战，并请了天兵天将助阵，双方打得不亦乐乎。最后，经太上老君、如来佛祖，观音菩萨三位的调解说和，才算了结之事。团结才是力量!并留下了“八仙过海、各显神通”这句成语，显示了八仙的超群本领和团结致胜的精神。

实际上，我们目前脚下所踏的这条道路在历史上就有，过去老百姓一直把它叫做“皇道”。在隋朝时经由赵州桥的这条南北大通道，向南可直达东都洛阳，向北则贯穿涿郡，通入现在的北京，所以说这条道路就相当于现在的107国道。想当年，乾隆皇帝下江南时，三次所走的陆路，都是从赵州桥上经过而南下的。到了1920__年，八国联军攻打北京时，慈禧太后和光绪皇帝逃到了西安，后来在回京的时候，也是从赵州桥上路过。一直到1984年建公园以前，赵州桥仍作为一个正常的交通运输桥梁发挥着作用。所以说，赵州桥不但保持了一千多年，而且一直使用了一千多年，这在全世界都是非常罕见的。因此，赵州桥的设计建造者——李春，就尤其引起了世人的尊重和敬仰。大家请随我右手观看，那里矗立着的那尊硅青铜塑像，就是赵州桥的设计建造者——李春(该铜像由中央美术学院绍武教授设计督造)。可惜的是，历史上有关李春的记载很少，但有一句却是非常确凿有力的，即唐玄宗开元年间的中书令张嘉贞曾在《唐文粹》一书中写道：“赵郡洨河石桥，隋匠李春之迹也。”一锤定音地指明了赵州桥的建造者是谁。请大家仔细看看这位杰出的建筑设计师形象：目光深遂，显示出超群的智慧;脚踏磐石，体现了实干家的精神。整体造型神态庄重，宏大深远，令人肃然起敬。

请大家向这边看，展现在我们眼前的就是举世闻名的中国赵州桥。它是首批公布的国家级重点文物保护单位，也是省级爱国主义教育基地，已列入世界遗产后备名录，并且是世界上第12处国际土木工程历史古迹。下面先请大家看这块铜牌的标志牌，它也是赵州桥在国际上占有重要地位的标志之一。下面的落款为“美国土木工程师学会敬立”。该学会是代行国际性土木工程的权威组织，它一直在全世界范围内精选历史土木工程上的杰作载入史册，并颁发铜制纪念牌作纪念。我们现在看到的这块牌子是复制品，原件已经珍藏入库。1991年9月4日下午，在welcomethe american guests with openarms!(热烈欢迎美国贵宾之意)的欢迎标语下和仪仗队的鼓乐声中,该学会名誉主席本·格威克教授一行三人亲临现场,进行了颁发仪式,(当时红底白字会标上的中英文写的是:国际土木工程历史古迹纪念碑揭幕仪式,即:unveilingceremony of international historic civil engineeringlandmark)国际上与之并列的还有法国的埃菲尔铁塔、埃及的金字塔、以及英国伦敦的苏伊士运河等。当时我国申报的几处工程还有都江堰、长城等，但惟有赵州桥一处当选，成为当时世界上第十二块国际土木工程历史古迹纪念铜牌，也是中国唯一的一块。(镶铜牌所用的石头选自嶂石岩)

下面请大家随我一同到桥面上去走一走、看一看，当地老百姓都把赵州桥叫做“神桥”，传说只要一走上它，就能感应到上天和神的灵验，一切都会吉祥如意。不知大家漫步在这座千年古桥之上，会有何感而发?桥面的宽度是9米，在当今基本上相当于国家二级公路标准。当年桥上也是人来人往，车水马龙;桥下百舸争流，千帆竞渡，一派繁华景象，滚滚东流的洨河水，带着百姓的欢声笑语，汇入大海。请看，这就是周世宗柴荣——柴王爷推车轧的那道沟，那儿还有张果老骑驴桥上走留下的两个驴蹄子印。宋朝有诗赞曰：“隋人选石驾虹桥，天下闻名岁月遥。仙子骑驴何处去，至今足迹尚昭昭”。可见这个典故在宋朝时就广为流传，但这些仙迹到底是怎么回事?至今也无人能说得十分明白，成为一个千古不解之谜，为赵州桥增添了一份神秘与梦幻般的彩色。

请大家看看南桥头下的这块汉白玉文物标志牌，“安济桥”是赵州桥的正名，也寿名。它是北宋时哲宗皇帝赵煦北巡时，途经这里所赐的名称，所以赵州桥的正名叫安济桥。“大石桥”是当地老百姓对赵州桥的俗称，算是它的小名吧，故该桥所处的村落亦称“大石桥村”。下面请大家到桥下，在这里可以仔细观赏到赵州桥的神韵，感受到赵州桥的宏伟与博大。赵州桥单孔跨度为37.02米，在世界上当时占第一位，在石拱桥的单孔跨度上达到了极限。所以说赵州桥是世界上现存年代最久、单孔跨度最大、保存最完整的一座坦拱敞肩式石拱桥，并被世人公认为“天下第一桥”。那么，我要问一问大家：为什么世界上许多的古代建筑大都塌毁损坏了，而惟独赵州桥历经千年风雨沧桑，巍然屹立呢?

首先要归功于赵州桥独特的建造方法。请大家注意看桥拱的背面，我们可以发现，顺着桥的纵向延伸方向，是一道又一道的拱圈，就像我们人的手指一样并在一起，这叫做纵向并列砌筑法。20世纪30年代(1933年11月)我国杰出的建筑学专家梁思成先生(梁启超之子)曾到赵州桥进行过实地考察，当他看到这种造桥方法时说“出我意料”。因为从古至今，人们大都采用横向并列法建造桥拱，李春为什么会采用纵向法造桥呢?这是因为纵向造桥，可以化整为零，节省人力、物力。先由一道拱圈砌起，砌完后这道拱圈就可独立站稳，依次再砌下一道，直至全部完工。并且由于每道拱圈独立，所以假如有一道拱圈发生损坏时，对其他拱圈和整体桥身没有直接影响，便于单独对它进行维修。就是说这种造桥法，当初建造时节就方便实用，今后维修时也很方便。为了加强石料之间的横向联系，古代匠师们还创造性地采用了腰铁、勾石、铁拉杆、收分等一系列科学措施和技术，起到了现代钢筋、水泥、粘合剂之类相同的作用，使整个桥体结构浑然一体，稳定牢固。千百年来，赵州桥受住了十多次规模较大的地震和洪水的严峻考验。特别值得一提的是，1963年3月，邢台发生了7.2级大地震，当时震中距离赵州桥还不到40公里，而赵州桥却安然无恙。同时，在1963年和1996年8月的特大洪水冲击下，赵州桥又多次向当今验证了古人关于敞肩拱溢洪作用设计的远见卓识。

也许有朋友要问：“赵州桥为什行能有如此牢固的抗震力呢?”这就要从它的下部基础说起了，千百年来，关于赵州桥的基础如何一直是个谜，并存有种.种假设性的疑说。1979年，中国社会科学院自然学史研究小组对赵州桥桥台基础进行了钻探勘察，其发现结果令人大吃一惊。赵州桥桥台之短，地基之浅，出人意料。桥台仅由五层排石垒成，高1.549米，长约5米，桥台面积约为100平方米。桥台下的土质由第四纪冲积层的亚粘土和轻亚土构成，和我们脚下的土质没什么两样，除此这外，没有丝毫的人工夯筑基础。概括化验分析，这种土层稳定性强，土质均匀，基本承载力为34吨/平方米，并且粘土层压缩性小，地震时不会产生砂土液化，属良好天然地基。由于科学利用了土壤结构，进行了合理设计，所以桥基两侧受力均衡，遇震时能克服不均匀沉降，因此地震和洪灾奈何不了赵州桥。在这样的天然地基和这样小的桥台上，却能建造出这样大跨度的石拱桥，这在中外建桥史上确是十分罕见的。

听到这里，朋友们也许明白了赵州桥千年不坠的两个重要原因，就是赵州桥独特的建造方法和对天然地基的科学测算和利用。然而，赵州桥千年不坠的最重要原因当是李春划时代的创举——即敞肩圆弧拱式桥型就是指以赵州桥为代表首创的这种桥型，即在中央主拱两侧的桥肩上分别挖开了两两对称的四个拱，做成“空撞券”，这就是敞肩拱结构，国际上称作openspandrel(即空腹式，或称空腔式)。它到底有什么优越性呢?首先是加大了渲泄量，四个小拱可增大过水面积达16.5%，减轻了对桥的水平冲击力，增强了保护桥身的作用，历次对洪水抗击的实践均证明了这一点;另外，空撞券的建筑形式敞开了肩部，又节省了石料，不但大大节省了人力物力，更重要的是减轻了桥身自重，分散了桥身对桥台地基的垂直压力，所以赵州桥的桥台才可以造得那么轻巧实用，并且能直接座落在天然地基之上;再看李春的这种设计，并在敞肩的四个小拱拱石外围，还铺设了一层16—30mm的拱顶薄填石，恰好符合了材料力学弹性拱的原理。大家知道，弹性拱原理是十九世纪才形成于文字的理论，在世界上只有不到二百年的历史，但在一千四百年之前，中国的李春已经成功地将这一原理运用到实践中去了，这不能不说是一个世界奇迹。通俗地讲，运用材料力学的弹性拱原理造桥，这种结构就可以将受力点的力分散到桥的每一个横截面上，赵州桥之所以千年不坠，正是缘于李春这种敞肩拱式桥型设计的高度科学性和合理性，也是赵州桥学派在世界桥梁建筑史上最重要的贡献，我们完全可以说，是赵州桥首开了敞肩拱式桥型的先河。而西方第一次出现这种桥型是在1883年，当时法国在亚哥河上建造了安顿尼特铁路石拱桥(pontantionnette sur lagout),还有卢森堡建造的大石桥(pont deluxembourg)等，但它们至少已经比赵州桥晚了一千二百多年。难怪英国的李约瑟博士总结说：“李春以及他所创造的敞肩式拱桥比欧洲同种类型桥的出现，确实优先达千年以上”。我国著名桥梁专家茅以升先生曾指出：“赵州桥是一座单孔石拱桥。中国石拱桥的出现虽早于隋代，但赵州桥却具有创新特点和重大技术成就。它以石块砌筑，弓形的拱圈拼法也有特殊，更为巧妙的是在主拱圈之上加设小拱，开创了‘敞肩’型式的结构设计。而一千多年来的使用实践证明，赵州桥传统，不但为中外石拱桥普遍继续，也为现代的钢筋混凝土拱桥所广泛应用，并出现了各种新的发展。”确实，敞肩拱的应用，不但使桥形变得更加优美，最重要的是它有节省材料、减轻自重、简化桥基、渲泄洪水的几个作用和功能，它的设计和建筑结构科学合理、稳定性强。千百年来，赵州桥的结构技巧、艺术风格被广泛的借鉴运用，对世界桥梁建筑有着不可磨灭的突出贡献，是当之无愧的桥梁之祖!

赵州桥——它是我国古代劳动人民留下的珍贵文化遗产，见证了中华民族的聪明智慧，也见证了世界文明古国历史文化的灿烂辉煌，同时还见证了整个人类的文明和力量。朋友们，面对赵州桥，我们能不为祖国和人民感到骄傲吗!多少年来，它一直受到全世界的尊重和称颂，今天，它更应该激励着我们去充分发挥自己的聪明才智，为建设伟大的祖国贡献自己的力量!

朋友们，我的讲解基本上就要结束了，赵州桥公园还设有陈列室和展览室(及碑林)，里面是和赵州桥有关的实物和图片展览等，如果大家还有时间、感想的话，不妨到那里去看一看，可以加深对赵州桥文化的进一步了解。另外，我们赵县的历史悠久、文物众多，除赵州桥并称“姊妹桥”的永通桥及大观圣作之碑(共四处国保)，以及重现生机的千年古刹柏林禅寺等迷人景点，也希望大家到那里一游，以尽余兴，我愿意再次为大家导游服务。

各位朋友如果对我的讲解有什么意见和建议，敬请指出，帮助我改进工作，我将很乐意倾听，因为我知道这是大家对我的关心和爱护。最后，我要说：“赵州桥横跨亚、非、拉，赵州桥也连结着你、我、他”。我们将再次欢迎朋友们的光临，祝大家一路顺风，收获一份好心情!谢谢大家，再见!

有关cos名画心得体会和方法六

1、小h——《向往的生活》中出现的狗狗，歌手刘宪华主持人何炅及演员黄磊为其的狗狗名字。经过他们姓名中都带有字母“h”，搭配“小”字，展现狗狗是家中一员之外，也体现出狗狗可爱乖巧的模样。一个独特且有意义的名字，好听易读。

2、岳岳——经过叠字的方式来体现狗狗可爱乖巧的形象外。其实，也是发音好听顺口的体现。不仅仅便于大家记忆，并且便于狗狗的训练与记忆。

3、月饼——女歌手蔡卓妍饲养的宠物狗狗名字，经过她本身好吃的特点延伸。让狗狗名字顺口好听，也突出了狗狗好吃的特点。并且“月饼”还能够延伸为中秋节出生的狗狗，让名字更有意义。

4、小q——经过“小”字搭配“q”字，突出狗狗可爱的模样外，也展现了狗狗活泼好动的个性特点。其中“q”还有一层含义，q弹q弹的，惹人喜爱与保护的冲动。

5、兜肚——“兜肚”一名展现出了主人对狗狗的宠爱，形容狗狗就像主人的贴身物件一样，不可缺少。既独特又好听，易读。

6、朱古力——“朱古力”适合棕色泰迪狗狗，很形象的展现了狗狗外貌的特点。此外“朱古力”也有巧克力chocolate的含义，使其名字整体既洋气又顺口。

7、梅西——是男演员张嘉佳饲养的大金毛，借助自我所喜欢的足球明星“梅西”，既体现出狗狗奔跑速度快之外，也展现了他对偶像的喜爱与追求。十分独特且好玩的名字，在发音上也便于狗狗记忆。

8、乖乖——《爸爸去哪儿》中出现的狗狗，演员黄磊与女儿共同起的名字“乖乖”。从发音上，此名字简单易读。从寓意上，寄托了他们对于逝去的狗狗“乖乖”的思念。也期望一家人能继续幸福地生活在一齐。

有关cos名画心得体会和方法七

dear tourists

xinjiang is the largest grape producing area in china, and also thebirthplace of grape cultivation in china. according to the survey, there aremore than 50 grape varieties in xinjiang. especially in turpan, grapes areplanted everywhere, accounting for more than 90% of the total grape plantingarea in xinjiang, making it a "kingdom of grapes". the grape of turpan evokesour infinite reverie. the wonderful lyrics of "the grapes in turpan are ripe,and anaerhan's heart is drunk" sung among people of all ethnic groups inxinjiang fully express people's admiration for grapes. grape is known as "pearland agate" and has become the symbol of "hometown of melons and fruits" inxinjiang. now let's go to the most beautiful place in turpan, grape valley, toexperience anaerhan's intoxicated mood!

tourists, our car is driving by the flame mountain, and the west end of themountain is the grape valley.

putaogou is a north-south river valley in huoyanshan mountains, with atotal length of 7 km and a maximum width of 2 km. it is full of vineyards,inhabited by uygur, hui, han and other ethnic fruit farmers. if you walk intothe grape valley, you will see the people's canal from tianshan mountain. thewater passes through the valley. the trees are luxuriant, the air is humid, andthe climate is cool and pleasant, which is in sharp contrast to the blazingflame mountain. looking up at the volcano and looking down at the green space,it is really a good place for summer.

vineyard → seedless grapes → raisin drying room now we come to thevineyard. the grapes here are like the green clouds covering the sky and thegreen carpet covering the ground. they are connected by pieces, and the greenshade covers the sun. they are fruitful. the vineyard in the grapevine valleycovers an area of more than 400 hectares. the main varieties are seedless whitegrape, maruki grape, rose red, kashhar, bijiagan, black grape, soso grape, addition, jingzaojing, aimina, seedless purple, seedless red, rose fragranceand other excellent grape varieties are introduced from abroad. its fruit shapeis different, there are spherical, oval, cylindrical, oval, some bright likeagate, some crystal like pearls, and some green as jade. with an annual outputof more than 6000 tons of grapes and more than 300 tons of raisins, it can becalled the "world vineyard".

the outstanding grape in xinjiang is seedless white grape, which is widelyplanted in grape valley. look! the "green pearls" with oval fruit grains andlight yellow green fruit hanging on the grape trellis are seedless. it has thinskin, crisp meat, juicy and sweet taste. the sugar content of the fresh fruit ismore than 24%, which exceeds the sugar content of california grape in the unitedstates and becomes the sweetest grape in the world. because it has no seeds, itis most suitable for drying raisins. after drying, it contains more than 75%sugar, protein, organic acid and other nutrients. it is a good dry fruit withrich nutrition. the seedless raisins, which are crystal clear and jade like, aregreen and bright in color, sweet and sour to eat, and are known as "china greenpearl".

the second largest cultivated area in the grape ditch is maruzi grape. itsfruit is long columnar or spindle shaped, with thin and tough skin, juicy andcrisp flesh, no fragrance, but especially sweet. it is worth mentioning that dueto the unique natural conditions such as low-lying, high temperature, lessprecipitation and strong solar radiation, all grapes in turpan basin are free ofdiseases and pests, let alone spraying pesticides. as a result, xinjiang raisinis famous at home and abroad, becoming a rare natural non-toxic fruit.

tourists, walking in the green corridor, looking at the attractive grapes,it's really very comfortable! just now some tourists asked: how are raisinsmade? look! the flat topped, rectangular, civil structure house in front of usis a drying room specially built for drying raisins. the wall of drying room isa perforated wall made of soil blocks, and the rectangular holes mainly play therole of free ventilation. the door of the drying room is mostly located in thenorth or east, which can reduce the sunlight on the one hand, and on the otherhand, when transporting grapes, if the drying room can't hold for a while, itcan be temporarily placed on the north wall outside the drying room, so that itwon't be exposed to the sunlight for several hours, and the quality of the driedgrapes will not change. in turpan, such air drying houses can be seeneverywhere, but most of them are built on the hillside or on the bank of ditch,where the terrain is open, flat, well ventilated and dry. at this point,tourists may have understood that the method of making raisins in turpan isunique. it is not only different from other countries that use the sun to exposethemselves to the sun, but also not use artificial heating and drying. instead,it is completely dried by the dry and warm climate. in this way, the chlorophyllin the grape fruit is completely preserved, and the grape turns dry green. amongthe raisins with an annual output of about ten thousand tons in the world, itcan also be regarded as an exclusive product.

in addition to raisins, turpan wine is also very famous for its good color,aroma and long brewing history. wang han, a poet of tang dynasty, once wrote apoem praising: "the wine is beautiful, sprinkle the luminous cup. if you want todrink pipa, you will be urged immediately. don't laugh when you are drunk on thebattlefield. how many people have fought in the past the poet's famous linesdescribe the charm of grape wine and the heroic spirit of the general gallopingon the battlefield.

tourists, now we are in the north of putaogou. on a marble tablet in frontof us is written "putaogou" 3. this is the handwriting of peng zhen, formerchairman of the standing committee of the national people's congress. you cantake photos here.

here the water is gurgling and the grape stands are full. we stroll in thegrape corridor, just like enjoying the gardens in the south of the yangtzeriver. we don't know that we are in the flaming mountain in the scorching h the stone bridge and in the grape kingdom, you can see the spring waterseeping from the gravel layer of the cliff, converging into a pool. the fish inthe pool seem to be as happy as the tourists. the fish are happy, the people arehappy, and the spring is clearer.

tourists, now we have a rest in the corridor of grape valley. we all sitaround and enjoy the surrounding landscape. we also taste all kinds of freshgrapes and fruits with different colors, sizes and tastes. we are addicted toeating grapes. by the way, since 1990, the "china silk road turpan grapefestival" has been held in turpan from august 20 to 26 every year. grape inturpan has broken through its own boundaries and become a bridge of culturalexchanges and a link of economic and trade exchanges.

there are also grape museum, wine tasting point, folk museum and othervisiting facilities in the tourist area, as well as uygur folk musicperformances. we will visit them after a short rest.

有关cos名画心得体会和方法八

兰州百合属多年生草本植物，学名为“lilum davidi var unicdor cotton”因其地下茎块由数十瓣鳞片相叠抱合，有百片合成之意而得名。百合是一种有较高营养保健价值的蔬菜，有极高的食用价值。“兰州百合”含糖量高，粗纤维少，肉质细腻，还含有其它有益成分。喜半荫条件，耐荫性较强。但各生育期对光照要求不同，前期和中期喜光照，尤其是现蕾开花期。如光线过弱，花蕾易脱落，但怕高温强光照。百合为长日照植物 ，延长日照能提前开花，日照不足或缩短，则延迟开花。

百合为百合科 百合属中能形成鳞茎的栽培种群，多年生宿根 草本植物，味道美，又名野百合 、喇叭筒 、山百合 、药百合、家百合等。百合在欧美各国主要作为花卉栽培，而我国栽培百合主要采收其鳞茎作为食用或药用。

百合原产亚洲东部的温带地区，中国、日本、及朝鲜野生百合分布甚广。我国是野生百合资源分布最广的国家，从云贵高原到长白山区，到处都有它的踪迹，遍及南北26个省、自治区垂直分布在海拔200—3200米之间。中国有关百合的最早记载见于宋代罗愿的《尔雅翼 》。书中说番韭就是百合蒜，并说：“百合蒜，根小者如大蒜，大者如惋，数十片相累，状如白莲花 ，故名百合花 ，言百片合成也。”关于百合之名，李时珍说：“百合之根，以众瓣合成也。或云专治百合病 ，故名：“亦通”。

日本对百合的最早记载是公元642年 ，当时有把百合花作为供品献给天皇的记载。

欧洲历史 上百合的记载也很多。_的仪式上，百合花是一种必不可少的花卉，特别是复活节 、圣诞节，百合花是作为纯洁少女的象征出现的。

法国从十二世纪起，将百合作为国徽上的图案。智利国徽 上也有一簇百合花，它是独立、自由的象花，也曾被西方人奉为圣物，有谚语说：“百合花赛过所罗门的荣华。”就连中国古代大诗人陆游 也曾感慨：“芳兰 移取偏中林，余地向妨种玉簪。更乞两丛香百合，老翁七十尚童心。”那由六枚花瓣组成的喇叭花型，优雅柔和，令人陶醉。

全国解放以后，兰州百合的发展经历挫折，终于得到发展。1974年，原兰州市委书记王耀华 曾在袁家湾村现场召开市委会，把该村定为百合基地村，解决有关问题，促进发展。1978年中共十一届三中全会以后，把工作重点转移到经济建设上，干部、群众思想逐步解放，干劲越来越大，特别是以市场经济为导向后，干部群众劲头更足，发展速度更快。截止1997年，仅七里河区百合种植面积以达到1.6万多亩，总产量700多万公斤，其中西果园乡就大1万亩，450万公斤。

近年来，兰州百合走上了产业化的道路。兰州百合产业化建设是全市乃至全省农业产业化发展的重点项目，是我区农村经济的重要支柱，近几年在各级政府高度重视和大力支持下，兰州百合由我区重点支柱经济步入产业化轨道，显示出强劲的发展势头。兰州百合面积初步扩大，99年留床面积达到22400亩，产量稳步增加。99年底产量达到850万公斤，销售渠道畅通、前景十分看好。产品以远销到全国各大城市及港、澳、台、东南亚、日本、韩国、美国等国家和地区。

有关cos名画心得体会和方法九

泉城明珠大明湖位于济南市中心偏东北处，公园面积八十六公顷(1290亩)，其中湖面四十六公顷，约占总面积的百分之五十三。湖水来源于城内的珍珠泉、濯缨泉、王府池等诸泉，水源充足，有“众泉汇流”之说，平均水深两米，最深处约四米，是繁华都市中一处难得的天然湖泊。

大明湖历史悠久，见诸文字已有一千四百多年。早在北魏年间，著名地理学家郦道元水经注.济水注记载：“泺水北流为大明湖，西即大明寺。寺东北两面则湖。”其位置在今五龙潭一带。另有史料记载，那时的大明湖称历下波或历水波，南至濯缨湖，北至鹊山和华不注山，也就是说现在的大明湖、五龙潭和北园是相连的一个大湖，湖阔数十里，平吞济泺。六朝时，因湖内多生莲荷，曾名“莲子湖”;唐时又名“历水波”，宋代称“西湖”。宋时著名文学家曾巩曾有诗道：“问吾何处避炎蒸，十顷西湖照眼明”。可知当时此处已是消暑游憩之地。北宋熙宁五年(公元1072年)，曾巩任齐州(今济南)知州时，为防御水患，修建了北水门，引湖水入小清河，使得湖水经年水位恒定，并在沿湖修建了亭、台、堤、桥，使之渐成游览景观。至金代，诗人元好问在济南行记中始称大明湖。明代重修城墙，大明湖遂初成今日形貌。

蛇不见，蛙不鸣;淫雨不涨，久旱不涸是大明湖两大独特之处。

大明湖自然景色秀美，名胜古迹争辉。沿湖垂柳环绕，曲径虹桥，花木拂疏，成片的草坪碧绿如茵，莲花怒放，时有鱼儿跳波，偶见鸢鸟掠水。画舫穿行，小舟荡波，快艇疾驰，游客云集，欢声笑语，俨若北国江南。绿荫之间，曲廊秀亭、桥台楼阁时隐时现，似仙境一般。

海右古亭--历下亭位于明湖水面诸岛中最大的岛子上，年代久远，几多变迁。它挺拔端庄，古朴典雅，红柱青瓦，八角垂檐，亭内嵌有杜甫绝句：海右此亭古，济南名士多。

园中之园--铁翁祠建于清乾隆五十七年(1792)，园内杨柳垂荫，藤萝攀缘，院外南临一湖碧水，北枕幽密松林，环境清幽旷远，建筑古朴典雅，其中小沧浪亭更是独具秀色。著名对联：“四面荷花三面柳，一城山色半城湖”就镶嵌在这里。

道教庙宇--北极阁高耸于七米台基之上，建于元至元十七年(公元1280年)，庙中供奉道教中的真武大帝等二十三尊神像，并绘有真武大帝传奇故事和乐伎献寿图等壁画。

济南第一标准庭院--遐园建于清宣统元年(公元1920xx年)，其布局设计均仿照浙江宁波著名藏书楼“天一阁”的格式，四周曲廊相连。园内假山突兀，山石奇异。西北角长廊壁上嵌有岳飞手书的诸葛亮前后出师表石刻。

还有稼轩词、南丰祠、汇波楼、秋柳园等二十多处名胜景点周匝公园各处，令人应接不暇，可谓步移景换，游乐无穷。济南八景中的鹊华烟雨、汇波晚照、佛山倒影、明湖秋月，均可在湖上观赏。明湖胜景，古往今来，赢得了无数文人墨客的咏赞篇章。“冬冷冰天，夏挹荷浪，秋容芦雪，春色扬烟;鼓枻其中，如游香国”，“鸥鹭点乎清波，箫鼓助其远韵，固江北之独胜也。”晚清大文学家刘鹗对“佛山倒影”的描写，更是引人入胜：“到了铁公祠前，朝南一望，只见对面千佛山上，梵宇僧楼，与那苍松翠柏，高下相间，红的火红，白的雪白，青的靛青，绿的碧绿，更有那一株半株的丹枫夹在里面，仿佛宋人赵千里的一幅大画，做了一架数里长的屏风。正在叹赏不绝，忽听一声渔唱。低头看去，谁知那明湖业已澄净的同镜子一般。那千佛山的倒影映在湖里，显得明明白白。那楼台树木格外光彩，觉得比上头的一个行佛山还要好看，还要清楚。”大明湖便随着这佳句文章广为流传，闻名遐迩。加之解放后的多次修缮扩建，疏浚清淤，姿容更加秀丽，成为济南著名风景游览区之一，吸引了大量海内外游客，每年客流量约在二百万人次左右，位居济南众公园之首。据有关资料统计，解放以来，党和国家领导人毛泽东、周恩来、朱德、万里、徐特立、郭沫若、李鹏等先后泛舟湖上，对大明湖的建设和发展提出了很好的建议。

为了满足不同层次的游人的要求，自八十年代开始，公园在湖西岸建成了总面积约9200平方米的游乐场。场内设有海盗船、disco健身车、电子游戏、五爪章鱼、摩天轮、碰碰车、直升飞机、电瓶车、天使转椅、蹦蹦床等各种游乐设施，惊险刺激，新颖有趣，既满足成年人的需求，又令孩子们开心。

大明湖不仅是游览观光的极好场所，湖北岸还有数处茶社和明湖楼、荷香村两处饭店，供游客休息就餐。明湖楼建于1983年，是一座“外古内今”的中国传统式仿古建筑，楼高二层，总面积约2735平方米。明湖楼的饭菜讲究色、香、味、型和营养，以鲁菜系中济南菜的“历下风味”为主，尤擅长鱼的烹制，制做的全鱼宴令人叫绝。荷香村饭店位于铁公祠院内，为一古典式二层楼建筑。该店除烹制鲁菜系中的“历下风味”菜肴外，还擅长锅贴制作。其配料和加工技术均引进济南锅贴老店便宜坊，所制锅贴令游客一饱口福。

近年来，随着改革的深入发展和旅游业竞争的日趋激烈，大明湖公园的领导者们团结务实，开拓进取，利用自身优势，举办多种活动，提高知名度，增强竞争力和吸引力，并逐步形成传统。

荷花展是公园一年一度的大型活动。自86年开始，已举办九届了，其中有两届是全国规模的。荷花是我国传统的十大名花之一，也是我市的市花，举办荷花展览，旨在宣传市花，突出荷花的君子品质。荷展一般在7、8月份举办，此时荷花长势最旺，花繁叶茂，最宜观赏，是赏荷纳凉的好去处。

龙舟赛也是公园大型的活动。大明湖水域辽阔，条件得天独厚，自93年开始，已成功举办了三届。参赛单位均来自我市各大企业，规模逐步增大，是一项群众性的文化娱乐活动，对于促进全民健身和增强企业向心力、凝聚力具有积极的作用。

民族风情艺术节是最火爆、最热烈的活动。大明湖是历史的湖、人民的湖，在此举办民族风情艺术节，可谓珠联壁合。今年4、5月份，我们与北京海淀区文化局联合邀请了全国9个省市自治区40个少数民族200余名演员来公园表演了各具特色的民族风情，轰动了整个泉城，这样的活动要形成传统，一年一度地搞下去。

迎春花展、兰花展及盆景展，在我园也是传统的活动。公园有全省最大规模的兰花基地天香园，有一支技术比较过硬的花卉队，他们日日辛苦劳作，将美和温馨奉献给游客。